Newsletter
#4 - September 10, 1998
Experiences of Gender |
I am sitting now in the Peace Corps
office in the capital, having just completed a handbook
on the activities of the Women in Development committee
(WID) in Guinea. And so I find myself thinking about
women. I find myself thinking about women's work,
and how gender changes our experience of the world.
I think about myself as a woman, and of the lives
of a few of my Guinean women friends.
The average number of children borne
by a Guinean mother is 6.8, versus 2.1 in the U.S.
About one-half of girls are married by the age of
16, half have children during adolescence, and half
are just one of several wives. One-half of women between
14 and 49 are malnourished. Ninety percent of women
are circumcised. Eighty percent have received no formal
schooling.
But this is too big for me to get angry
about. It's like trying to wrap your fist around a
tree. Instead, it has taught me something. It has
taught me about gratitude. About respect. About a
truly difficult life.
I am friends with only a couple of
women here, because very few women are educated enough
to speak French. Adama
Barry Dian is my "mother" and her family takes
very good care of me. She is the third and youngest
of three wives, and has four children (not including
me). Although she is not schooled past the 6th grade,
she speaks very good French and followed a midwife
training program in town. She is now an unpaid midwife
at the Health Center, where she works in the morning.
In the afternoon she cooks for her family, oversees
the household, works backbreaking hours in her manioc
fields, or scrubs worn-out clothes on the rocks at
the stream.
Adama is very kind to me. You can ask
my real mother, who met her when she visited in August.
"My co-wife!" exclaimed Adama happily, rushing to
greet her. She sent us a bowl of rice and milk for
lunch a little later, and walked through mud to accompany
us out on a visit to the stream. Her 3-year-old grandson,
Amadou Oury, we joke is my "husband". So when Amadou
Oury met my boyfriend from the States, he was understandable
nervous. Adama bent down to him and said in Pulaar,
"Say 'I entrust my wife to you'". Fidgeting, he repeated
to my boyfriend, "mi adday debbo an fii maa", and
the wrinkles were smoothed.
But in Guinea, I'm not really allowed
to have a boyfriend. I had to tell everybody he was
my fiance. The word for "boyfriend" really means "lover"
here, and would be very shameful. In a society where
arranged marriages are the norm, women have very little
sexual/romantic freedom. And in a society where boundaries
between the sexes are very strict, women and men have
very little casual contact. This is hard to get used
to, coming from the U.S. I introduce Guineans to a
male friend, but what they hear is male "friend" (uh-huh,
nudge-nudge, wink-wink). I brought a male friend to
my site for an hour once, and they're still asking
me how he is.
My other female friend, Aicha Bama,
doesn't quite play by these rules. As much as Adama
is the sweet, nurturing, and meek village woman, Aicha
is raucous, straightforward, and sharp. She was educated
at the university in the capital, far away from her
home town. After coming to the village of Wawaya as
the Health Center pharmacist, she had a child out
of wedlock with a man she loved in town. She later
married him, and he comes once a week from town to
see her. They have the happiest, healthiest baby girl
I've seen yet in Guinea. "We want her to be a doctor",
he once said to me.
Aicha is partially deaf, and so we
yell at each other back and forth, and she tells me
what's the score, what time it is, what's going on.
She doesn't take any trouble from any man anywhere.
Yet, she knows her place and talks the talk, walks
the walk. Complaining once to the Health Center director
about a problem with a male intern, she presented
the infraction candidly, but looked quietly at the
ground while doing it, in the traditional style. She's
not making a huge splash, she just wants to live her
life. And I appreciate that. I respect that. Just
as I appreciate how Adama stretches time and energy
from her busy and tiring day to bring me bowls of
food. I appreciate Aicha's tact, and what she must
have gone through to reach the point she is at today,
and I admire that.
And gratitude? I mentioned gratitude
above. I have gratitude for many things. I am thankful
for our lives in the States, and the hard work that
was laid down so that I may have so much freedom in
my life. I am grateful to be an American and not a
Guinean. Yet, that is because I was born American.
Were I Guinean, I would have different expectations.
Indeed, were I a man I would have different expectations.
It is so clear how Adama and Aicha's gender shapes
their experiences in their lives. The lines between
men and women are a little more blurred in America,
but it's there. Having seen the more blatant inequality
in Guinea, I can see more clearly the lines we draw
in America, and the expectations that we have. Because
of the accident of my birth as a white woman in a
small New England college town, I have a certain idea
of how the world is supposed to treat me, and I follow
that vision, and it is fulfilled. Just as Guinean
women's expectations are fulfilled. Things are as
they shall be.
And so I am grateful for the way life
is, that things work out as they must, and give us
all a space to shine. Because I shine, in my studies
and in my work. Adama shines; she has accomplished
and given so much for a woman of little schooling.
And Aicha shines; she has succeeded in gaining a high
level of education and a relatively self-directed
life against adverse conditions.
And the sun shines down over us all,
and life goes on, and things change. They change gradually,
with seasons, and with years. But they do change,
and they need to change. And for that, too, I am grateful.
|